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Objective:To analyze a family clustering of coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） associated with the exposure to an asymptomatic case， and to provide evidences of developing strategies for COVID-19 prevention. Methods:Epidemiological investigation was conducted on a COVID-19 family cluster （1 confirmed case and 2 asymptomatic cases）. The specimens of the cases were tested for 2019 novel coronavirus nucleic acid with real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results:The clustering epidemic occurred in a family. Two asymptomatic cases B and C （B’s son） had Wuhan residential history. After arrival in Beijing on January 24， 2020， B stayed in his mother's house. One family member A （B’s mother） developed the disease on February 7， 2020， while the other two family members D and E （B’s wife and brother） did not develop the disease， and they were managed as close contacts. Conclusion:Thisfamily COVID-19 clustering is induced by the exposure to an asymptomatic case. Identification of asymptomatic cases is very important for the control of COVID-19 epidemic.
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Objective:To conduct epidemiological investigation of a family cluster of coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） in Fangshan District， Beijing， so as to provide reference and scientific basis for the strategy of prevention and control. Methods:Based on the "Prevention and Control Plan for COVID-19 （Third Edition）"issued by the National Health Commission of China， two cases from the same family were studied by field epidemiological investigation method. Sputum and/or throat swab specimens were collected and sent to the laboratory of Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention （CDC） for nucleic acid detection of 2019 novel coronavirus （2019-nCoV）. Tracking close contacts and isolation observation were conducted. Results:Both sputum and throat swab specimens of case 1 were positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid on February 3rd， 2020. Case 2 （wife of case 1） received screening as a close contact， and throat swab specimen was positive on February 4th， 2020. Therefore， it was determined to be a family cluster. The epidemic was effectively controlled after a series of measures， including isolation treatment， medical observation according to management of close contact and terminal disinfection of residence. Conclusion:The CDC professionals should strengthen monitoring of new findings， comprehensively analyze case data based on the latest research trends， improve professional sensitivity， and conduct timely screening to detect cases as soon as possible for the prevention of further epidemic spreading.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and molecular features of Cryptosporidium in sheep and goats from Anhui Province and neighboring provinces. Methods A total 832 and 781 fresh fecal samples were collected from seven large-scale sheep farms and ten large-scale goat farms in Anhui Province and neighboring provinces of Henan, Jiangsu and Shandong. The prevalence and species of Cryptosporidium were investigated in the fecal samples from the sheep and goats in the study areas using nested PCR assay based on the Cryptosporidium-specific SSU rDNA gene, and the subgenotypes of C. parvum and C. ubiquitum were characterized by amplification and sequencing of the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. Results The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium was 5.8% (48/832) in sheep and 8.7% (68/781) in goats in Anhui Province and neighboring provinces, respectively. The SSU rDNA gene-based PCR assay identified C. xiaoi and C. ubiquitum in sheep and C. parvum in goats, and subtyping revealed that all C. ubiquitum subgenotypes belonged to XIIa subtype 2 and C. parvum subgenotypes belonged to IIdA19G1. Conclusion The identification of zoonotic C. ubiquitum XIIa subtype 2 and C. parvum subtype IIdA19G1 suggests that sheep and goats may serve as a potential source for human Cryptosporidium infections.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and molecular features of Cryptosporidium in sheep and goats from Anhui Province and neighboring provinces. Methods A total 832 and 781 fresh fecal samples were collected from seven large-scale sheep farms and ten large-scale goat farms in Anhui Province and neighboring provinces of Henan, Jiangsu and Shandong. The prevalence and species of Cryptosporidium were investigated in the fecal samples from the sheep and goats in the study areas using nested PCR assay based on the Cryptosporidium-specific SSU rDNA gene, and the subgenotypes of C. parvum and C. ubiquitum were characterized by amplification and sequencing of the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. Results The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium was 5.8% (48/832) in sheep and 8.7% (68/781) in goats in Anhui Province and neighboring provinces, respectively. The SSU rDNA gene-based PCR assay identified C. xiaoi and C. ubiquitum in sheep and C. parvum in goats, and subtyping revealed that all C. ubiquitum subgenotypes belonged to XIIa subtype 2 and C. parvum subgenotypes belonged to IIdA19G1. Conclusion The identification of zoonotic C. ubiquitum XIIa subtype 2 and C. parvum subtype IIdA19G1 suggests that sheep and goats may serve as a potential source for human Cryptosporidium infections.
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To characterize the prevalence and species/genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp. in farmed pigs in the north of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province.A total of 500 samples of pig feces were obtained from seven largescale pig farms in the north of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province. PCR and sequences analysis of the small subunit rDNA gene were used to detect and identify the Cryptosporidium species/genotypes.The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium was 4.8% (24/500). Additionally, Cryptosporidium prevalence was 40.0% in Qianshan and 6.3% in Chuzhou, respectively. No Cryptosporidium infection was found in other sampling areas. The DNA sequence analysis of the SSUrDNA gene revealed that all of the isolates represented C. scrofarum. The Cryptosporidium infection rate (9.1%) of pigs (> 60 days) was significantly higher than the rates of both pigs (< 30 days) and pigs (30–60 days) (both P < 0.01).C. scrofarum in the farmed pigs in the north of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province may be a source of Cryptosporidium infection and pose a potential public health threat to humans and other animals, and therefore, the status should be paid more attention to.
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BACKGROUND: Thyroid cancer stem cells are essential to the recurrence and metastasis of thyroid carcinoma. Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) shows a downward trend in a variety of malignant tumors, and its overexpression can inhibit the recurrence and metastasis of malignant tumors. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of LIFR on the stemness maintenance and lung metastasis of thyroid cancer stem cells in vivo. METHODS: Primary thyroid cancer cells TCLM were isolated from the lung metastases of a metastatic thyroid cancer patient. Serum-free suspension culture was used to form tumor cell balls. Flow cytometry was used to screen CD133+phenotype of metastatic thyroid cancer stem cell subpopulation TCLM-S. The overexpressed recombinant lentiviral plasmid containing LIFR and its negative control containing the empty plasmid were infected into thyroid cancer stem cells TCLM-S at the ratio of virus/cell number=20, and screened with 2.0 mg/L puromycin to construct TCLM-SLIFRand TCLM-Scontrolstem cells which stably expressed LIFR and its control. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of LIFR in TCLM-SLIFRand TCLM-Scontrolstem cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of CD133+phenotype cell subsets, western blot assay was used to detect the expression of tumor stemness related factors SOX2, Oct4, Nanog and tumor invasion and metastasis related proteins E-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-7 in TCLM-SLIFRand TCLM-Scontrol stem cells. TCLM-SLIFRand TCLM-Scontrolstem cells were respectively injected into BALB/c nude mice by tail vein, and the lung metastasis model of thyroid cancer stem cells was constructed. The effect of LIFR overexpression on lung metastasis was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with TCLM-Scontrolcells, the expression of LIFR in TCLM-SLIFRcells was significantly increased, the proportion of CD133+phenotype stem cell subsets was significantly decreased, the expression of SOX2, Oct4 and Nanog were significantly decreased, the expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased, and the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-7 was significantly decreased. Moreover, the number of lung metastasis in nude mice given TCLM-SLIFRcells was significantly decreased as compared with those given TCLM-Scontrol cells.To conclude,LIFR overexpression can decrease the stemness and ability of lung metastasis in vivo.
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Purpose To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and prognosis of malignant solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma ( SFT/HPC). Methods Sixteen cases of intracranial malignant SFT/HPC were retrospectively studied. The clinical data, imaging features, histopathological and immunohistochemical characteris-tics were analyzed. Results The 8 male and 8 female patients were between 31 and 71 years of age ( mean 51). The median age was 51 years (range, 31-71 years). 16 malignant SFT/HPC cases were originated from intracalvarium. The imaging features showed intracranial neoplasms with relatively clear surrounding boundaries. Microscopically spindle shaped cells were hypercel-lular, and exhibited≥5 mitoses per 10 HPF. Cytological atypia was mild. The clinicopathologic characteristics included pattern-less growth pattern, storiform or fascicular growth pattern, solita-ry fibrous tumor-like regions and hemangiopericytoma-like re-gions. Tnere were 2 cases with abundant papillary structure and 2 with sarcomatous structure, 2 with focal necrosis, 2 with inva-ded cerebral tissues, and 10 with invaded meninges. Immuno-histochemically, 93. 75% ( 15/16 ) cases were positive for STAT6, with 15/16 showing diffuse staining. 87. 5% (14/16) cases were positive for CD34, with 37. 5% (6/16) showing dif-fuse staining. 81. 25% (13/16) cases were positive for BCL-2. 68. 75% (11/16) cases were positive for CD99. The Ki-67 in-dex ranged from 5% to 40% . Sixteen patients were followed up for 1-64 months, and 7 patients ( 43. 75% ) had recurrences. Conclusion Malignant SFT/HPC shares malignant behaviours. STAT6 is a specific marker for the diagnosis of this tumor. The prognosis of malignant SFT/HPC is related to the extent of tumor excision and long-term follow-up.
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Objective To understand the cognitive and behavioral characteristics of AIDS between male-male in college students, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control strategies. Methods Using cluster random sampling method, the questionnaire survey including basic situation, the perception of HIV/AIDS of male male actors, sexual behavior and condom use and HIV/AIDS counseling detection, was used to investigate in male students of 8 universities at Beijing fangshan distric. Results A total of 2444 male college students were surveyed, 138 cases with male-male behavior were detected, and the detection rate was 5.65％. The detection rate (18.31％) of the junior college students was statistically higher than that of first-year college students (4.28％) and sophomores (6.52％, P<0.017). The awareness rates of four relevant knowledge about HIV/AIDS for 138 students were 25.36％, 15.22％, 9.42％and 13.77％respectively. The 44.93％male-male in college students had first sexual intercourse were younger than 18 years old. The proportion of students with first time male-male behavior and age <18 years was higher in the first-year college students (58.9％) than that of sophomores and junior college students (30.77％, 26.92％). The incidence rate of bisexuality was 43.48％ in male-male behavior, and 73.91％ was polysexual partners. The correct usage rate of condom was 31.16％. AIDS counseling detection rate was 27.54％. Conclusion The detection rate is higher in students with male-male behavior, and the awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge is lower. A variety of high risk sexual behaviors are prevalent, so it is necessary to strengthen HIV/AIDS education and HIV/AIDS related knowledge for college students.